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        <datestamp>2026-09-30T11:42:53Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>The African Union, the United Nations and civilian protection challenges in Darfur</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Forced Migration Online (24276783)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Migration, asylum and refugee law</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>FORCED MIGRATION ONLINE</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>PROTECTION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>CIVILIAN POPULATION</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>UNITED NATIONS</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>SOVEREIGNTY</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>This paper examines the nature of the relationship between the African Union (AU) and the United Nations (UN) in the field of protection of civilians in armed conflicts. The topic is significant because the development that has seen the UN and regional organisations take on and try to implement protection responsibilities means that the civilian protection regime is evolving in terms of its political purposes, main formal institutions and coordination mechanisms, as well as legal frameworks. The AU and the UN have come to operationalise the still contested notion of protection of civilians in armed conflicts through adding this as a dimension of peace operations. Yet, performing such a role is among the most contested and inherently difficult for the UN itself as well as for non-UN actors.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-09-30T11:42:53Z</dc:date>
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          <dc:identifier>10.25446/oxford.33351699.v1</dc:identifier>
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