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oai:figshare.com:article/32805551 2026-10-01T16:15:09Z portal_1172 item_type_8 month_year_10_2026

Enhancing on-board energy management for next generation zero emission buses with Internet of Vehicles Lucinda Evans (24292766) PUREID: 679326015 Energy management automotive public transport infrastructure internet of vehicles IoV IoT V2I V2C buses bus fleets Electric vehicle electric bus EV predictive modeling connected vehicles Global net zero targets are driving the transition from fossil fuel bus fleets to zero emission vehicles. However, operators face challenges such as higher costs, reduced range and battery lifespan. Energy management strategies (EMS) and emerging Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technologies offer opportunities to improve energy efficiency, yet current EMS suffer from operational uncertainty. IoV can reduce this by sharing route relevant data, enhancing on board control and utilising external factors like traffic signals. Public transport’s predictable routes and existing V2C/V2I use make it well suited to IoV adoption. This research investigates available IoV resources and their potential to improve energy management in connected bus fleets.<br><br>This work first develops a summary table of the data required to enhance on board energy management for public transport buses using IoV. Using multiple feature selection and predictive modelling methods, the analysis identifies useful variables from real operational bus data, augmented with online extractable data to emulate an IoV environment. The resulting summary table aims to reduce ambiguity and lower barriers to adopting IoV enabled energy management.<br><br>A specific V2I use case is then examined, demonstrating how bus priority at traffic lights in Belfast City Centre can further improve energy consumption. A method is presented for assigning priority based on route characteristics that offer the greatest potential efficiency gains, derived from real recorded data. This provides a simple solution to the multi vehicle priority problem identified in existing literature. A complementary approach predicts the maximum achievable change in energy consumption using only route mapping data, allowing operators to estimate the impact of V2I implementation. Results show that routes with high positive gradients benefit most from priority signalling, achieving up to an 8.28% improvement in energy consumption performance.<br><br>Overall, the research demonstrates that existing IoV resources can effectively enhance energy management both on board and through external control, providing practical methods for next generation zero emission bus fleets.<br><br><i>Thesis is embargoed until 31 July 2031.</i> 2026-10-01T16:15:09Z Text Thesis 10.17034/32805551.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Enhancing_on-board_energy_management_for_next_generation_zero_emission_buses_with_Internet_of_Vehicles/32805551 All Rights Reserved Open Access after 2031-07-31