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        <identifier>oai:figshare.com:article/31989933</identifier>
        <datestamp>2026-09-27T14:40:18Z</datestamp>
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          <dc:title>CPDS-AD dataset</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Yulin Liu (23396560)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Zhaojun Ruan (23715724)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Libao Shi (23715727)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>cyber physical power system</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>smart distribution network</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>testbed</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>attack deflection</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;The CPDS-AD dataset is an open, hardware-derived cyberattack detection dataset for cyber-physical distribution systems, generated using a laboratory-level scaled testbed rather than relying solely on numerical simulation. The testbed emulates the steady-state operating and cyber-measurement processes of a 13-node, three-phase unbalanced MV-type radial distribution feeder and incorporates a three-layer cyber architecture consisting of the application, gateway, and perception layers. The dataset contains normal-operation records, six types of false data injection attacks—additive, subtractive, replay, ramp-drift, local model-consistent, and adversarial-learning-based attacks—and polling-aware denial-of-service attacks at low, medium, and high intensity levels. Raw communication messages are processed through device-specific message parsing, timestamp alignment, and measurement synchronization to obtain structured time-series measurement data. For DoS analysis, communication traffic volume is additionally aggregated over consecutive 5-s windows. The merged normal-operation dataset, &lt;code&gt;train_data.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, contains 14,400 samples and 132 measurement features. The six merged FDI test datasets, &lt;code&gt;test_data_A.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;test_data_S.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;test_data_R.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;test_data_RD.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;test_data_LMC.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;test_data_AL.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, each contain 2,880 samples with the same 132 features and a final binary ground-truth label column, where 0 denotes normal operation and 1 denotes an attacked sample. The DoS datasets are provided separately as &lt;code&gt;test_data_D_low.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;test_data_D_medium.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;test_data_D_high.xlsx&lt;/code&gt;, containing the aggregation-window timestamp, traffic volume, and corresponding binary label.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2026-04-12T13:00:06Z</dc:date>
          <dc:type>Dataset</dc:type>
          <dc:type>Dataset</dc:type>
          <dc:identifier>10.6084/m9.figshare.31989933.v3</dc:identifier>
          <dc:relation>https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/CPDS-AD_dataset/31989933</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>CC BY 4.0</dc:rights>
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