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        <identifier>oai:figshare.com:article/26861121</identifier>
        <datestamp>2026-09-30T18:03:59Z</datestamp>
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        <oai_dc:dc xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
          <dc:title>RETRACTED: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Theoretical
Screening of Solvatochromism and Light-Harvesting Performance of Hexamine
V‑Substituted Lindqvist-Based Photosensitizer for Photovoltaic
Solar Cells</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Ahlem Maalaoui (16878044)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Baya Toumi (19497303)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Ernest C. Agwamba (12423000)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Gideon A. Okon (14757305)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Mohamed Rzaigui (2708524)</dc:creator>
          <dc:creator>Samah Akriche (16878047)</dc:creator>
          <dc:subject>Biophysics</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Ecology</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>van der waals</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>supramolecular packing stabilized</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>sensitized solar cells</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>remarkably high open</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>photovoltaic solar cells</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>photovoltaic empirical parameters</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>highly nucleophilic cage</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>future technology pointed</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>single crystal x</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>photovoltaic device performance</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>flourishing optoelectronic properties</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>current energy crisis</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>photoelectric conversion efficiency</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>hydrogen bonding interactions</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>6 &lt;/ sub</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>4 &lt;/ sub</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>2 &lt;/ sub</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>15 &lt;/ sub</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>13 &lt;/ sub</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>type (&lt; b</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>7 &lt;/ sub</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>hmta &lt;/ b</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>ionic interactions</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>hydrogen bonds</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>harvesting properties</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>harvesting performance</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>energy level</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>crystal structure</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>improving efficiency</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>harvesting efficiency</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>(&lt; b</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>visible region</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>theoretically predicted</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>theoretical uv</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>theoretical screening</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>substituted lindqvist</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>studied compound</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>solvatochromic behavior</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>ray diffraction</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>protic solvents</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>potential candidate</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>pom ),</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>noncovalent interaction</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>lattice water</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>cost fabrication</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>conduction band</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>circuit voltage</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>based photosensitizer</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>In this paper, we employ density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent
DFT (TD-DFT) approaches to predict the solvatochromism and light-harvesting
properties of a newly synthesized hybrid hexamine (&lt;b&gt;HMTA&lt;/b&gt;) vanadium-substituted Lindqvist-type (&lt;b&gt;V&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;W&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) polyoxometalate (POM),
(C&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;15&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(C&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;13&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;[V&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;W&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;19&lt;/sub&gt;]·6H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, (&lt;b&gt;HMTA-V&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;W&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) for application
in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Single crystal X-ray diffraction
(XRD) and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analyses show a 3D-supramolecular
packing stabilized by means of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals (vdW)
and ionic interactions between highly nucleophilic cage-like &lt;b&gt;HMTA&lt;/b&gt; surfactant, lattice water, and electrophilic &lt;b&gt;V&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;W&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; polyanions.
Experimental and theoretical UV/vis absorption spectra show large
absorption in the visible region, which is strongly solvent polarity
dependent. This solvatochromic behavior can be attributed to hydrogen
bonding interactions between the &lt;b&gt;V&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;W&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; polyanion and protic
solvents. Furthermore, the energy level of semiconductor-like nature
of &lt;b&gt;HMTA-V&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;W&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; with high LUMO level matches well with the conduction
band (CB) of TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, which is beneficial for the photovoltaic
device performance. The photovoltaic empirical parameters are theoretically
predicted to demonstrate a remarkably high open-circuit voltage (Voc)
value (1.805 eV) and a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) value
up to 8.7% (FF = 0.88) along with superior light-harvesting efficiency
(LHE) (0.7921), and therefore, the studied compound is expected to
be a potential candidate as a photosensitizer dye for applications
in DSSCs. The aim of this work was to broaden the range of applications
of POMs, owing to their low-cost fabrication, leveraging and flourishing
optoelectronic properties, and ever-improving efficiency and stability
for use in future technology pointed to the development of clean and
green renewable energy sources to solve the current energy crisis.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2024-09-10T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
          <dc:type>Text</dc:type>
          <dc:type>Journal contribution</dc:type>
          <dc:identifier>10.1021/acsomega.4c05150.s001</dc:identifier>
          <dc:relation>https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Synthesis_Crystal_Structure_and_Theoretical_Screening_of_Solvatochromism_and_Light-Harvesting_Performance_of_Hexamine_V_Substituted_Lindqvist-Based_Photosensitizer_for_Photovoltaic_Solar_Cells/26861121</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>CC BY-NC 4.0</dc:rights>
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